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1) "The self-ionization of water (also autoionization of water, and autodissociation of water) is the chemical reaction in which two water molecules react to produce a hydronium (H3O+) and a hydroxide ion (OHโ): 2 H2O <=> H3O+ + OH- It is an example of autoprotolysis, and relies on the amphoteric nature of water. Water, however pure, is not a simple collection of H2O molecules. Even in "pure" water, sensitive equipment can detect a very slight electrical conductivity of 0.055 ยตSยทcm-1." "At SATP [Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure], the concentrations of hydroxide and hydronium are both very low at 1.0 ร 10โ7 mol/L and the ions are rarely produced: a randomly selected water molecule will dissociate within approximately 10 hours" Source and further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-ionization_of_water 2) "Water dissociates into oxygen and hydrogen at high temperatures, and the dissociation increases with increasing temperature: H2O(g) <=> H2 +ยฝ O2 (1) Because of the small equilibrium constant of this reaction, the concentrations of generated hydrogen and oxygen are very low even at relatively high temperatures, i.e., 0.1 and 0.042% for hydrogen and oxygen, respectively at 1600ยฐ C. However, significant amounts of hydrogen or oxygen could be generated at moderate temperatures if the equilibrium were shifted toward dissociation." Source and further information: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7087211.html
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