ANSWERS: 2
  • The process is called Photosynthesis.
  • 'Carbon is removed from the atmosphere through: (1) the photosynthetic conversion of carbon dioxide into carbohydrates by plants, releasing oxygen in the process; (2) the formation of carbonic acid as circulating ocean surface waters cool near the poles, thereby absorbing more atmospheric CO2; (3) the conversion of reduced carbon to organic tissues or carbonates to hard body parts, such as shells, by marine biota in ocean surface waters; and (4) the reaction between carbonic acid and silicate rock that leads to the production of bicarbonate ions, which are carried to the ocean and eventually deposited in marine carbonate sediments.' Source: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth530/content/l3_p4.html Points 1 and 3 are about the biosphere.

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