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The valency of silicon is 4. This is because silicon has 4 electrons in its outer most shell, and so each electron is a part of a "shared pair" that contributes to the formation of a covalent bond. Also, 4 is the highest valency an atom can have, and if it is joined to 4 other molecules (tetra = 4), then its formed one covalent bond with each molecule, and so has a valency of 4. Hope that helps =)
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