by 
ceejay007
ANSWERS: 4
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Submarines use red lights inside for the same reason as ATC, aicraft control towers, planetariums, and some movie theaters use them. Your eyes adjust more quickly from red light to darkness than other color lighting. So when you need to look outside (oh, say, to avoid an iceberg...) you'll see well more quickly. There appears to be some doubt as to whether blue or green light might be better though. This guy talks about it some: http://www.jersey-mall.com/tpo/pages/redrevis.htm And this guy talks about it some more: http://www.equipped.com/nitevision.htm And another with even more detail: http://stlplaces.com/night_vision.html
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Submarines, at least US subs, don't use red lights. Instead of "rigging for red", the control centers and SONAR shacks rig for "low level light." Red was found to cause aggression and blue was depressing (and hid some colors on the green waterfall displays). SONAR is always rigged this way and the control center does this before moving to periscope depth in the evenings, nights and early mornings.
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Because red goes better with the US uniform
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Control is normally rigged for red while underway at night. This is because the eyes more readily adjust to the night time conditions during periscope operations. Even low level lighting (non-red lighting) affects the eyes adversely enough to cause several minutes of time to fully adjust to night time vision. . Coming to PD (Periscope Depth) is the most dangerous routine evolution performed on a submarine because this is the time when you are most likely to have a collision with another ship. You do not have the luxury of allowing your eyes several minutes to adjust during this evolution.
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