ANSWERS: 2
  • Oh wow...this is the topic of a book not a paragraph answer... :) Social structure is everything...from the way you walk to the way you live, eat, sleep, dream, talk, feed...etc. I assume by "location" you mean social status. This has deep impacts on our perceptions. Way of life in any stratified society swings drastically from one end of the pendulum to the other, rich to poor. Powerful to weak. Our location in a stratified society does not affect perceptions persay...it IS our perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. We are informed by society as to what the right way to act is by wherever we are raised in the social spectrum.
  • Sounds like a homework question! Here goes: Societies have hierarchies, levels where some people are regarded as superior for some reason or other. In traditional British society, there are the nobles and the commoners. In modern British society, and in many developed countries, there are the rich, the leaders of government, industry and religion, who are sometimes seen as over the masses. In other societies, it may be the religious elite (as in Iran) or the educated versus the illiterate. Some societies had an overarching nobility (such as traditional France or Russia) with a majority of people as serfs or farm workers. Other societies, such as Britain, have had a strong middle class (merchants, small landowners etc) for hundreds of years. All this complex ranking is called social structure. People born into any society generally learn very quickly what the social structure of their own society is. By the time they are able to work, they know who is at the top, and how to behave in regards to that person or class. An outsider has trouble working this out. There is no one way that one's location in the structure affects attitude: it depends on the society,and the time in its history. A good example is the island of Bali in Indonesia, which is my area of expertise. Bali is a Hindu society (as opposed to the majority of Indonesia, which is Islamic, with a large Christian minority), although its Hinduism is distinct from that of India. Up until 1906, Balinese society was functioning traditionally. The society was split into castes: the Satria and Wesia castes making up the nobility and the middle class, the Brahmana being the priestly caste, and the rest of society being Jaba or Sudra (working caste). To show the differences in rank, the Balinese language had two levels, one for talking to superiors and one for talking to inferiors or equals. Within those two levels of language, were specialised vocabularies for speaking to Kings. Being born into one caste meant you stayed there your entire life. There was no chance to change. Your work was determined by your caste. If you were a Brahmana, Satria or Wesia, you were part of a small elite, which owned most of the wealth and managed the government. Below them, the Sudra were the farm workers, although, they, too, owned their land. Sudras could not refuse a superior's command, whether it was to give him food, money, land, or a beautiful daughter for a wife. By a strange twist of fate, it was only the beautiful girls who were socially mobile, being raised to an inbetween caste as "court-woman" upon marrying a noble or a king. Her children were of higher caste than their Sudra grandparents. All this changed in 1906, when the Dutch assumed control of the island. It was achieved by a bloodbath that wiped out several of the royal families in mass suicides. Without the Satria/Wesias over them, Balinese society began to shake. As time has gone on and most people have been educated to some extent, many Sudras are now wealthy and in positions of leadership. This has created big difficulties in Balinese society. It has affected the language, as the upper level is no longer used much- the youngest generation has trouble with it. I hope that gives you some ideas to work from.

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