by 
Anonymous
ANSWERS: 2
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CnH2n+1COOH, where n = 0, 1, 2, 3... Eg. (In IUPAC Nomenclature): (n = 0) Methanoic acid : HCOOH (n = 1) Ethanoic acid : CH3COOH (n = 2) Propanoic acid : C2H5COOH
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"The carboxylic acid family consists of those molecules which contain the core structure outlined in Figure 1. The core structure shown in red in Figure 1 is called the acyl group. It is similar to the carbonyl group in aldehydes and ketones, but differs from a carbonyl group in that the atom X has at least one lone pair of electrons. The interaction of this electron pair with the pi system of the carbonyl group is responsible for some significant differences between the chemical reactivity of aldehydes and ketones on the one hand and members of the carboxylic acid famiily on the other." "Figure 1 The Heart of the Carboxylic Acid Family" O || C | R.X R may be H, alkyl or aryl X may be OR, NR2, halogen, or O-C-R ..|| ..O Source and further information: http://usm.maine.edu/~newton/Chy251_253/Lectures/CarboxylicAcids/RCO2HFS.html (Click on the picture for a bigger view)
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